communicate
우선 communicate 뜻의 중심을 잡아 보면, 사람과 ‘의사소통하다’, 정보·감정·생각을 ‘전달하다’입니다. 뒤에 사람, 전달 내용, that절 중 무엇이 오는지에 따라 문장 구조가 달라집니다.
communicate는 뒤에 무엇이 올 때 의미가 어떻게 달라질까요?
| 의미 | 품사 | 핵심 결합 | 대표 문맥 | 짧은 예문 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 의사소통하다 | 자동사 | communicate with + 사람 | 대화, 업무 연락 | I communicated with the client. |
| 정보를 전달하다 | 타동사 | communicate + 정보/결정 | 이메일, 회의록 | Please communicate the decision. |
| 감정·생각을 전하다 | 타동사 | communicate + 생각/감정 | 발표, 피드백 | She communicated her concerns clearly. |
사람 앞에는 with, 전달 내용은 바로 뒤에
communicate의 구조는 크게 ‘누구와 소통하는가’와 ‘무엇을 전달하는가’로 나뉩니다. 사람은 보통 with로 연결하지만, 정보·생각·결정처럼 전달되는 내용은 목적어로 바로 받을 수 있습니다.
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communicate with + 사람: 누구와 의사소통하다
Managers should communicate with their staff regularly.
관리자는 직원들과 정기적으로 의사소통해야 합니다. -
communicate + 정보·생각·감정: 내용을 전달하다
The email clearly communicated the new policy.
그 이메일은 새 정책을 명확히 전달했다. -
communicate + 내용 + to + 사람: 누구에게 내용을 전달하다
Please communicate the schedule change to all participants.
일정 변경을 모든 참가자에게 전달해 주세요. -
communicate that + 완전한 문장: ~라고 알리다
The director communicated that the meeting had been postponed.
이사는 회의가 연기되었다고 알렸다.
✕ We communicated the supplier yesterday.
✓ We communicated with the supplier yesterday.
✓ We communicated the revised deadline to the supplier yesterday.
‘공급업체와 소통했다’라면 with the supplier, ‘공급업체에 마감일을 전달했다’라면 the deadline to the supplier로 씁니다.
TOEIC식 함정: 빈칸 뒤가 사람이라면 with가 필요한지, 전달할 내용이라면 목적어를 바로 받는 타동사 구조인지 먼저 확인해야 합니다.
All department heads must communicate _____ their teams before Friday.
(A) with (B) during (C) from (D) except
여기서는 ‘팀과 의사소통하다’이므로 communicate with가 맞습니다.
이메일과 회의에서 바로 쓰는 결합
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communicate clearly — 명확하게 전달하다
The presenter communicated the proposal clearly. -
communicate effectively — 효과적으로 의사소통하다
Team leaders must communicate effectively with remote employees. -
communicate with clients — 고객과 의사소통하다
Please communicate with the clients before changing the delivery date. -
communicate information — 정보를 전달하다
The notice communicates important safety information. -
communicate a decision — 결정을 알리다
Management will communicate its final decision by Friday. -
communicate concerns — 우려를 전하다
Several employees communicated their concerns during the meeting. -
communicate by email — 이메일로 연락하다
We usually communicate with overseas vendors by email.
△ I communicated an email to the staff.
✓ I sent an email to the staff.
✓ I communicated the updated policy to the staff by email.
communicate an email보다는 이메일 자체는 send하고, 이메일에 담긴 정보나 정책을 전달할 때 communicate information/a policy by email이라고 하는 편이 자연스럽습니다.
Part 2·3·5·7에서 구조를 알아듣는 법
Part 2 — 적절한 응답
Who will communicate the schedule change to the conference speakers?
(A) Maria from the events team.
(B) In the main conference room.
(C) The schedule is on the wall.
Part 3 — 짧은 업무 대화
Man: Several customers are still asking about the updated return policy.
Woman: I thought we communicated it clearly in yesterday’s email.
Man: Let’s add a notice to the checkout page as well.
Question: What problem are the speakers discussing?
(A) An email was sent to the wrong department.
(B) Customers have not fully understood a policy update.
(C) The checkout page is temporarily unavailable.
(D) A product return was refused.
Part 5 — 문법·어휘 빈칸
The regional manager should communicate _____ local suppliers before changing the delivery schedule.
- with
- at
- for
- among
Part 7 — 이메일
To: Sales Team
From: Daniel Ruiz
Subject: Product Demonstration
Please communicate with your assigned clients by Wednesday to confirm attendance at next week’s product demonstration. If a client cannot attend, communicate that information to Ms. Chen so that she can revise the seating plan.
Question: What are sales team members asked to do first?
(A) Revise a seating plan
(B) Contact their assigned clients
(C) Demonstrate a new product
(D) Send invitations to Ms. Chen
Part 7 — 회의록
Marketing Meeting Minutes — May 8
- The launch date was moved to June 12.
- Priya will communicate the revised timeline to regional offices.
- All managers should communicate with their teams before the next meeting.
Question: What is Priya responsible for?
(A) Choosing a new launch date
(B) Leading the next meeting
(C) Informing regional offices of the new timeline
(D) Forming new regional teams
with인가, 목적어인가: 3문항 점검
1. 빈칸 완성
The project manager will communicate _____ the vendor about the delayed shipment.
(A) with (B) at (C) for (D) among
2. 올바른 문장 고르기
(A) We communicated all employees the policy change.
(B) We communicated with the policy change to all employees.
(C) We communicated the policy change to all employees.
3. 문맥에 맞게 고치기
문장: The chairperson communicated the committee before the meeting.
의도: 의장은 회의 전에 위원회와 의사소통했다.
사전 확인과 함께 공부할 단어
communicate 사전 보기